Lesson Eleven - Using the Calculator
In this lesson a calculator is used to perform arithmetic operations with whole numbers, fractions, and decimals. With the standard calculator a whole-number division yields a decimal answer if there is a remainder, and fraction problems also yield decimal answers. The TI-12 Explorer calculator is introduced. This calculator allows the student to obtain the answer to a whole-number division problem in quotient/remainder format. This device also provides fractional answers to fraction problems. The calculator can then convert these answers to simplest terms.
You Will Learn
- To add and subtract fractions using a calculator.
- To multiply and divide fractions using a calculator.
- To add and subtract decimals using a calculator.
- To multiply decimals using a calculator.
- To divide decimals using a calculator.
30 Minutes. Teaching guide and worksheet enclosed.
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Lesson Twelve - Fractions, Decimals
& Percents
This lesson has two primary objectives. The first is to provide the student with methods to convert a fraction, a decimal or a percent to each of the other two forms. Initially, conversion between fractions and decimals is developed. The distinction is discussed between terminating decimals and repeating decimals.
Percents are introduced next, with a rationale for their creation. Methods are shown for changing percents to fractions and decimals, and decimals and fractions to percents.
You Will Learn
- To write a fraction as a decimal or a decimal as a fraction.
- To write a decimal as a percent or a percent as a decimal.
- To write a fraction as a percent or a percent as a fraction.
30 Minutes. Teaching guide and worksheet enclosed.
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Lesson Thirteen - Percent Problems
In this lesson percent problems are defined using three examples. The first type of problem asks "twelve percent of forty-five is what?", and would be used to compute a sales commission. The second type asks "what percent of forty-nine is fourteen?", to report the results of a survey. The third type asks "forty percent of what number is eighteen?" To find the number of questions on a test if one knew the percentage and the number of right answers. Other practical uses such as discounts, sales tax and salary increases are looked at.
You Will Learn
- To solve a percentage problem to compute a sales commission.
- To solve a percentage problem to report the results of a survey.
- To solve a percentage problem of the type "thirty percent of what is twelve?"
- To solve everyday life related problems involving percents.
30 Minutes. Teaching guide and worksheet enclosed
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Lesson Fourteen - Ratios & Proportions
This lesson introduces ratios using three types of problems. First the concept of ratio is investigated and how ratios are related to fractions. Then methods of solving proportions are discussed.
The third problem uses proportions to offer an alternative method for solving percentage problems.
You Will Learn
- To write equivalent ratios.
- To solve proportions.
- To explain why cross-multiplying works in solving proportions.
- To solve percentage problems using proportions.
30 Minutes. Teaching guide and worksheet enclosed.
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Lesson Fifteen - Exponents
& the Order of Operations
This lesson introduces two important pre-algebra topics. The first exponents, or powers, are used to simplify repeated multiplication. The vocabulary of exponents is discussed. Patterns in powers of various numbers are discovered. The various properties of exponents are studied. This study is not based on memorization. Instead, a logical approach is used for working with exponential numbers. The second topic is the order of operations. The rationale for the PEMDAS (parentheses, exponentiation, multiply/divide, add/subtract) rule is discussed and problems are used to reinforce the process.
You Will Learn
- To explain the meaning of the word exponent.
- To multiply numbers given in exponential form with the same base.
- To divide numbers given in exponential form with the same base.
- To simplify an expression that has a base raised to a power raised to a power.
- To simplify an expression using the proper order of operations.
30 Minutes. Teaching guide and worksheet enclosed. |
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